In a move counter to global shifts towards shorter workweeks, Greece has introduced a new employment law, Law 5053/2023, permitting a six-day working schedule. The initiative, voluntary for companies, aims to stimulate economic growth following the nation's prolonged financial crisis.
The Greek government, led by Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, asserts that the extended workweek is crucial for economic revitalization amidst demographic challenges and labor shortages exacerbated by significant emigration since the financial crisis. This policy is part of broader efforts to bolster productivity and enhance competitiveness in global markets.
Under the new law, companies in specific sectors, excluding food and tourism, may opt to implement a six-day workweek. Employees compelled to work on the sixth day receive an additional 40% of their daily wage, aimed at incentivizing participation. However, this arrangement remains optional for employers, though once adopted, it must apply uniformly to all employees.
Elizabeth Gosme of COFACE Families Europe suggests that from an economic standpoint, the policy aims to enhance productivity and thereby increase Greece's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The government argues that formalizing a six-day workweek also addresses issues of undeclared work and offers potential income boosts for workers.
Critics, including labor unions and opposition parties such as Syriza and the Communist Party of Greece (KKE), denounce the law as regressive and detrimental to workers' wellbeing. They argue that extended work hours could lead to burnout, worsen work-life balance, and disproportionately affect women who bear the brunt of caregiving responsibilities.
In contrast to Greece's move, many countries worldwide are exploring or implementing four-day workweeks, citing benefits such as improved employee satisfaction, reduced burnout, and maintained or even increased productivity. Pilot programs in countries like Belgium, Singapore, and the UK have shown promising results in these regards.
Countries like China have long operated under a six-day workweek norm, exemplified by the 996 culture where employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week. However, this practice has drawn criticism for its detrimental effects on health and work-life balance.
The Greek law's implementation raises concerns about its impact on worker welfare and gender equality, especially in a cultural context where traditional gender roles dictate heavy caregiving responsibilities for women. Critics argue that without adequate support systems, such policies could exacerbate societal inequalities.
Amidst ongoing debates and protests against Law 5053/2023, stakeholders advocate for more inclusive dialogue between government, employers, and workers to explore alternative policies that prioritize both economic growth and worker wellbeing. Proposals include technological advancements and skills training as alternatives to prolonged working hours.
Greece's adoption of a six-day working week marks a significant departure from global trends towards shorter workweeks. While proponents argue it will boost productivity and economic competitiveness, critics fear its adverse effects on worker health, gender equality, and overall quality of life. As the policy unfolds, its impact on Greece's socio-economic fabric will be closely monitored amidst calls for greater consideration of worker rights and wellbeing.
